Threats to marine biodiversity in the Mediterranean

By Giulio Relini

Changes and loss in marine biodiversity are driven by anthropogenic factors in addition to natural forces.

In the past geological and physical changes were the main responsible of the most dramatic changes in biodiversity in the Mediterranean sea. Nowadays human activities are essential elements to be considered.

The most important threats are habitat loss, degradation and pollution, overexploitation of resources, invasion of alien species (NIS non indigenous species) and climate change.
 These threats affect the greatest number of taxa; some of them come from maritime traffic (collisions, pollution, noise) and aquaculture (alien species, diseases, habitat destruction, pollution).

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